Problem Overview
An entertainment engineering team inscribes a maximum-area rectangular LED video display wall under a parabolic lighting truss arch governed by y = 9 − 1 12 x 2 y = 9 - \frac{1}{12}x^2 y = 9 − 12 1 x 2 resting on the stage floor y = 0 y = 0 y = 0 . We express area as a single-variable cubic function, establish the closed physical domain, and evaluate extrema via the Closed Interval Method.
Step-by-Step Mathematical Solution
Step 1: Geometric Modeling and Dimension Formulas
The governing process follows the Applied Optimization Modeling Framework :
(Defined in Applied Optimization Modeling Framework .)
Let ( x , y ) (x, y) ( x , y ) denote the coordinates of the upper right corner of the inscribed rectangular video display in the first quadrant (x > 0 , y > 0 x > 0, y > 0 x > 0 , y > 0 ).
By bilateral symmetry across the centerline (x = 0 x = 0 x = 0 ):
Total Display Width:
Total Display Height:
H = y = 9 − 1 12 x 2 H = y = 9 - \frac{1}{12}x^2 H = y = 9 − 12 1 x 2
Objective Function: Maximize Total Screen Area:
A ( x ) = W ⋅ H = ( 2 x ) ( 9 − 1 12 x 2 ) = 18 x − 1 6 x 3 A(x) = W \cdot H = (2x)\left(9 - \frac{1}{12}x^2\right) = 18x - \frac{1}{6}x^3 A ( x ) = W ⋅ H = ( 2 x ) ( 9 − 12 1 x 2 ) = 18 x − 6 1 x 3
Step 2: Establish the Context-Driven Domain
(Governed by Context-Driven Domain in Geometric Optimization .)
The half-width must be non-negative: x ≥ 0 x \ge 0 x ≥ 0 .
The height must be non-negative:
y ≥ 0 ⟹ 9 − 1 12 x 2 ≥ 0 ⟹ 1 12 x 2 ≤ 9 ⟹ x 2 ≤ 108 y \ge 0 \implies 9 - \frac{1}{12}x^2 \ge 0 \implies \frac{1}{12}x^2 \le 9 \implies x^2 \le 108 y ≥ 0 ⟹ 9 − 12 1 x 2 ≥ 0 ⟹ 12 1 x 2 ≤ 9 ⟹ x 2 ≤ 108
x ≤ 108 = 6 3 ≈ 10.39 meters x \le \sqrt{108} = 6\sqrt{3} \approx 10.39\text{ meters} x ≤ 108 = 6 3 ≈ 10.39 meters
(The truss anchors into the stage floor at x = ± 6 3 m x = \pm 6\sqrt{3}\text{ m} x = ± 6 3 m ).
Feasible domain is the closed interval:
x ∈ [ 0 , 108 ] x \in [0, \sqrt{108}] x ∈ [ 0 , 108 ]
Step 3: Differentiate and Locate Critical Numbers
Differentiate A ( x ) A(x) A ( x ) with respect to x x x using the Power Rule:
A ′ ( x ) = d d x [ 18 x − 1 6 x 3 ] = 18 − 1 2 x 2 A'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}\left[18x - \frac{1}{6}x^3\right] = 18 - \frac{1}{2}x^2 A ′ ( x ) = d x d [ 18 x − 6 1 x 3 ] = 18 − 2 1 x 2
Set A ′ ( x ) = 0 A'(x) = 0 A ′ ( x ) = 0 to identify stationary critical points:
18 − 1 2 x 2 = 0 ⟹ 1 2 x 2 = 18 ⟹ x 2 = 36 18 - \frac{1}{2}x^2 = 0 \implies \frac{1}{2}x^2 = 18 \implies x^2 = 36 18 − 2 1 x 2 = 0 ⟹ 2 1 x 2 = 18 ⟹ x 2 = 36
x = 36 = 6 meters x = \sqrt{36} = 6\text{ meters} x = 36 = 6 meters
(Reject x = − 6 m x = -6\text{ m} x = − 6 m because x ≥ 0 x \ge 0 x ≥ 0 ).
The critical number x = 6 m x = 6\text{ m} x = 6 m lies strictly within the interior of the domain [ 0 , 108 ] [0, \sqrt{108}] [ 0 , 108 ] since 6 < 108 ≈ 10.39 6 < \sqrt{108} \approx 10.39 6 < 108 ≈ 10.39 .
Step 4: Execute Closed Interval Method (EVT Verification)
The area function A ( x ) A(x) A ( x ) is a polynomial (continuous everywhere) on the closed, bounded interval [ 0 , 108 ] [0, \sqrt{108}] [ 0 , 108 ] . By the Extreme Value Theorem (defined in Extreme Value Theorem ), an absolute maximum is guaranteed to exist.
Evaluate A ( x ) A(x) A ( x ) at both boundary endpoints and the interior critical point:
Left Boundary (x = 0 m x = 0\text{ m} x = 0 m - zero width line):
A ( 0 ) = 18 ( 0 ) − 1 6 ( 0 ) 3 = 0 m 2 A(0) = 18(0) - \frac{1}{6}(0)^3 = 0\text{ m}^2 A ( 0 ) = 18 ( 0 ) − 6 1 ( 0 ) 3 = 0 m 2
Right Boundary (x = 108 m x = \sqrt{108}\text{ m} x = 108 m - zero height strip on floor):
A ( 108 ) = 18 ( 108 ) − 1 6 ( 108 ) 3 = 18 ( 6 3 ) − 1 6 ( 108 ⋅ 6 3 ) = 108 3 − 108 3 = 0 m 2 A(\sqrt{108}) = 18(\sqrt{108}) - \frac{1}{6}(\sqrt{108})^3 = 18(6\sqrt{3}) - \frac{1}{6}(108 \cdot 6\sqrt{3}) = 108\sqrt{3} - 108\sqrt{3} = 0\text{ m}^2 A ( 108 ) = 18 ( 108 ) − 6 1 ( 108 ) 3 = 18 ( 6 3 ) − 6 1 ( 108 ⋅ 6 3 ) = 108 3 − 108 3 = 0 m 2
Interior Critical Point (x = 6 m x = 6\text{ m} x = 6 m ):
A ( 6 ) = 18 ( 6 ) − 1 6 ( 6 ) 3 = 108 − 216 6 = 108 − 36 = 72 m 2 A(6) = 18(6) - \frac{1}{6}(6)^3 = 108 - \frac{216}{6} = 108 - 36 = 72\text{ m}^2 A ( 6 ) = 18 ( 6 ) − 6 1 ( 6 ) 3 = 108 − 6 216 = 108 − 36 = 72 m 2
Comparing candidate values { 0 , 0 , 72 } \{0, 0, 72\} { 0 , 0 , 72 } , the absolute maximum display area is 72 m 2 72\text{ m}^2 72 m 2 , occurring at x = 6 meters x = 6\text{ meters} x = 6 meters .
Step 5: Final Screen Dimensions and Aspect Ratio
Total Width:
W = 2 x = 2 ( 6 ) = 12 meters W = 2x = 2(6) = 12\text{ meters} W = 2 x = 2 ( 6 ) = 12 meters
Total Height:
H = 9 − 1 12 ( 6 ) 2 = 9 − 36 12 = 9 − 3 = 6 meters H = 9 - \frac{1}{12}(6)^2 = 9 - \frac{36}{12} = 9 - 3 = 6\text{ meters} H = 9 − 12 1 ( 6 ) 2 = 9 − 12 36 = 9 − 3 = 6 meters
Optimized Aspect Ratio:
Aspect Ratio = W H = 12 m 6 m = 2 : 1 ( Univisium widescreen panoramic format ) \text{Aspect Ratio} = \frac{W}{H} = \frac{12\text{ m}}{6\text{ m}} = 2:1 \quad (\text{Univisium widescreen panoramic format}) Aspect Ratio = H W = 6 m 12 m = 2 : 1 ( Univisium widescreen panoramic format )
Theatrical Rigging Insight: Notice that at the optimum, the screen height (6 m 6\text{ m} 6 m ) is exactly two-thirds of the total arch apex height (9 m 9\text{ m} 9 m ), leaving the upper 3 meters 3\text{ meters} 3 meters of the truss arch open for overhead theatrical spotlights and line-array audio speakers.